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環境運動におけるアニミズムの一つの機能 —D.W. ウィニコットの移行対象論を主に参照して—
https://doi.org/10.34577/00004031
https://doi.org/10.34577/00004031e4674b9f-0e6d-4473-822f-bd0dc61ffe8e
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
環境運動におけるアニミズムの一つの機能 —D.W. ウィニコットの移行対象論を主に参照して— (913.4 kB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 公開日 | 2016-04-14 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 環境運動におけるアニミズムの一つの機能 —D.W. ウィニコットの移行対象論を主に参照して— | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | A Function of Animism in Environmental Movements: Mainly Referring to D. W. Winnicott’s Theory of Transitional Objects | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| ID登録 | ||||||
| ID登録 | 10.34577/00004031 | |||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||
| アクセス権 | open access | |||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |||||
| 著者 |
萩原, 優騎
× 萩原, 優騎 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | Kazuko Tsurumi, known as an advocate of endogenous development, says the basis of her research activities is a fieldwork in Minamata. She asserts the struggle by the patients of Minamata disease was based on animism. The purpose of this paper is to consider the function of animism from the view of psychoanalysis, mainly referring to D. W. Winnicott’s theory of transitional objects. Animism is a faith not only human beings but also all the things in the world have spirits or souls. In the case of people in Minamata, their faith is formed as the syncretization of Buddhism with animism or Christianity with that. Patients of Minamata disease said their aim was to recover the pure land where all the things had lived with harmony. They tried to change the situation creatures as well as human beings suffered from the disease as a result of serious mercury pollution. According to Iwao Munakata, people in Minamata are usually unconscious of their animism in their daily life. They will become conscious of it in time of crisis and will become united based on it. Tsurumi says animism was a driving force of the struggle in Minamata. Such a function is similar to that of transitional objects in psychoanalysis. Winnicott explains these objects are the mediators for an infant to be separated from parents. A necessary condition to achieve the separation is to get the ability to bear the situation the infant cannot be given what he/she wants immediately. He/she symbolizes the situation with substitutes, which are called transitional objects. When he/she is separated from parents, the objects will become meaningless and be abandoned. The process of trial and error with transitional objects is also the process of the development of unconscious trust in others and the world. This trust is a basis of mental stability, which is named ontological security by Anthony Giddens. However, a person may lose the stability in time of crisis if the relationship with others and the world becomes no longer self-evident. Transitional objects will be the mediators he/she rebuilds the trust in others and the world in such an unstable situation. A case study of that is children in the affected areas of the Great East Japan Earthquake played at the terrible tsunami disaster. It is said this play functioned as a transitional object to rebuild their mental stability. A person with the trust in others and the world can be headed for his/her ideal, which is called metastasis, a necessary condition he/she reconsiders the truism self-critically. Psychoanalysis needs the driving forth to the ideal, because a person without it cannot have a firm perspective that should be reconsidered. In other words, the analysis without metastasis will end in failure. Similarly, the situation people have lost the mental stability can be fatal to the environmental movements, because self-critical praxis among them based on the driving forth to the ideal is necessary to achieve the better decision making in the process of environmental movements. As Tsurumi and Munakata mentioned, animism can be a mediator people in time of crisis can be headed for their ideal of the movement again. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 社会科学ジャーナル 号 81, p. 29-49, 発行日 2016-03-31 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 国際基督教大学 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 04542134 | |||||
