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情報通信技術が発達した状況下での倫理規範の有効性 ―情報倫理学とリスク社会論の視点から―
https://doi.org/10.34577/00004636
https://doi.org/10.34577/00004636f700f6da-4465-4f19-b0cf-b4d042e0cfc7
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
情報通信技術が発達した状況下での倫理規範の有効性 ―情報倫理学とリスク社会論の視点から― (1.2 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 公開日 | 2020-04-22 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 情報通信技術が発達した状況下での倫理規範の有効性 ―情報倫理学とリスク社会論の視点から― | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Effectiveness of Ethical Norms under the Circumstances of the Development of Information and Communication Technology: From the Views of Information Ethics and Risk Society Theory | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| ID登録 | ||||||
| ID登録 | 10.34577/00004636 | |||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||
| アクセス権 | open access | |||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |||||
| 著者 |
萩原, 優騎
× 萩原, 優騎 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | Science and technology, including Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has developed rapidly through the process of modernization. Has this process influenced ethical norms? If so, how did the relationship between people and society change as its result? The purpose of this paper is to consider these questions from the perspective of information ethics and risk society theory in sociology. “Information ethics” is part of the first-year curriculum at many universities in Japan. But to what degree can it be effective? Moreover, is information ethics itself really effective to solve the problems related to ICT? To discuss these questions, it is necessary to understand the background and the context of a contemporary society under the development of ICT. Risk society theory can be useful in analyzing this issue because it focuses on the characters, patterns, processes and results of modernization in relation to the effects and the side effects of science and technology. Anthony Giddens points out that the contemporary situation is not the end of modernity or postmodernity. This situation is a result of radicalization of modernity, which is called reflexive modernization. According to him, reflexivity of modern social life consists in the fact that social practices are constantly examined and reformed in the light of incoming information about those very practices, thus constitutively altering their character. ICT is exactly a driving force of reflexivity of modernity. Giddens also indicates that the relationship between experts and the lay changes through a process of the shift to a risk society. The stability of the expert system is based on the unconscious trust in it, which is called faceless commitment. The interpersonal communication between experts and the lay, which Giddens calls facework commitment, supports a faceless commitment. However, people do not necessarily trust the expert system anymore in a risk society as experts cannot predict and prevent the accidents caused by science and technology. ICT is a typical example. Ulrich Beck expects ethics to play a role in the process of decision-making in a risk society, but he does not show its necessary conditions. On the contrary, from the standpoint of information ethics, ethical norms do not function well today. Niklas Luhmann explains its reason from a sociological view. According to him, functional differentiation is a character of modernization. Each social system became independent through the process of modernization, and morality lacked the ability to control these systems. He also says that ethics cannot bridge between the decision-makers and those affected by them. Therefore, he is skeptical of the role of ethics in a risk society. Problems of ICT and issues discussed in information ethics can be grasped in a unified way by referring to risk society theory. Although authors such as Giddens, Beck and Luhmann point out various concerns, each of them focuses on different aspects of risk society by analyzing reflexivity. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 社会科学ジャーナル 号 87, p. 5-26, 発行日 2020-03-31 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 国際基督教大学 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 04542134 | |||||
