{"created":"2023-05-15T09:30:04.702923+00:00","id":982,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"a38cef4a-261a-43f2-b4b3-53e319ee3dfd"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"982","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"982"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:icu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000982","sets":["12:2:10:114"]},"author_link":["1608","1606","1607"],"item_1_biblio_info_14":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1998-03-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"40","bibliographicPageEnd":"194","bibliographicPageStart":"167","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国際基督教大学学報. I-A, 教育研究"},{"bibliographic_title":"Educational Studies","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_1_creator_6":{"attribute_name":"著者名(日)","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"山王丸, 浩子"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"1606","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_1_creator_7":{"attribute_name":"著者名よみ","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"サンノウマル, ヒロコ"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"1607","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_1_creator_8":{"attribute_name":"著者名(英)","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Sannomaru, Hiroko","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"1608","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_1_description_1":{"attribute_name":"ページ属性","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"P(論文)","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_description_12":{"attribute_name":"抄録(英)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"　This article aims to describe perspectives of the research on navigation tools of multimedia. First, multimedia as constructivistic learning environment is considered, and the problem of \"disoriented learners\" is introduced. Then, various navigation tools are explained. Finally, the paper reviews several earlier researches on navigation tools and describes the issues needed in future studies. \n　Multimedia is considered as providing a proper environment for constructivistic learning due to its structural flexibility. This means that the information provided by the multimedia is not structured beforehand by the material designer, unlike the objective learning system. The latter involves organizing and simplifying information in such a way as to lead the learners through a number of ordered information to achieve the original objective set out by the instructor. In multimedia, information and their complex relationships are shown as they actually are. Therefore, the constructivist learners can collect the information according to their own purpose of study and make their own knowledge structures which are meaningful to themselves. However, multimedia contains a problem of \"disorientation\", which means that the learners can easily lose the flow of their study due to the structural flexibility of the multimedia. This is because learning with the multimedia is usually involves some form of cognitive overload, which may be problematic unless the learners are perfectly clear on their aims. \n　To cope with this problem, various navigation tools have been developed. These navigation tools implicitly help the learners and decrease the learners' cognitive load. The navigation tools can be divided into three categories; tools which motivate learners to make their own study goals, tools which help learners navigate through the information, and tools which show the informational structure of the multimedia. The tools which help learners create their study goals are the general guided tour, guided tour about a topic, sample display, provision of story settings, and suggestions involving areas which the learners have not yet seen. The tools which help learners navigate the information are back track, history list, time history list, footprint, bookmark, and index. \n　The tools which show the informational structure of the multimedia are overview diagram (which can be sub-divided into network diagram, museum layout, and hierarchical overview), fish-eye view, and hypermap.\n　From the previous studies about navigation tools in multimedia, four points have been left unrealized which are of importance in order to develop effective navigation tools in multimedia. These include looking at ways to motivate the learners' interests and concerns, the characteristics and effects of the navigational tools, the informational structure of the multimedia learning material, and the kind of task given to the learners. \n　Since most of the earlier studies are carried out looking at the multimedia from an objective learning angle, the full potential is not yet recognized. More studies with non-structured multimedia and learner-controlled study process is needed, to find out the effects of navigation tools in multimedia. To make the best of multimedia, research with more constructivistic learning conditions should be conducted. Moreover, there still remains the question of what \"disoriented learners\" are. More research is also needed to pursue what the phenomenon of disorientation is, why it happens and so forth. The studies about what helps the learners to return to the track of their study should be also carried out.","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.34577/00000968","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_1_source_id_13":{"attribute_name":"雑誌書誌ID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN0008887X","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_1_text_10":{"attribute_name":"著者所属(英)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_language":"en","subitem_text_value":"International Christian University"}]},"item_1_text_2":{"attribute_name":"記事種別(日)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"研究論文"}]},"item_1_text_3":{"attribute_name":"記事種別(英)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_language":"en","subitem_text_value":"Article"}]},"item_1_text_9":{"attribute_name":"著者所属(日)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"国際基督教大学"}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"1998-03-01"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"KJ00005609165.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"2.0 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"マルチメディアの教育利用におけるナビゲーション・ツール研究の展開","url":"https://icu.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/982/files/KJ00005609165.pdf"},"version_id":"9f9c07df-6af2-48a7-bb24-36befb9cb587"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"マルチメディアの教育利用におけるナビゲーション・ツール研究の展開","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"マルチメディアの教育利用におけるナビゲーション・ツール研究の展開"},{"subitem_title":"Perspectives of the Study of Navigation Tools in Educational Use of Multimedia","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"1","owner":"3","path":["114"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"1998-03-01"},"publish_date":"1998-03-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"982","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["マルチメディアの教育利用におけるナビゲーション・ツール研究の展開"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":3},"updated":"2023-09-25T05:56:41.843843+00:00"}