{"created":"2023-05-15T09:32:54.077241+00:00","id":4820,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"926d23d8-296d-45ce-95e4-12a7fa60c069"},"_deposit":{"created_by":14,"id":"4820","owners":[14],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"4820"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:icu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004820","sets":["12:26:19:504"]},"author_link":["7255"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2020-03-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"87","bibliographicPageEnd":"142","bibliographicPageStart":"125","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"社会科学ジャーナル","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"}]}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"    The ever-increasing numbers of refugees worldwide comprise an example that reflect one of the many human rights that ceases to be protected despite the presence of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as well as concepts of Human Security being emphasized within International Organizations.  While many of the critiques and explanations as to why this is, focuses on rights-based and policy-based approaches, the paper takes a postcolonial approach to question the Eurocentric nature of international relations that arguably play a more significant factor in the shortcomings of rights and security.\n    The relationship between the nation and postcolonial thought is important, as it emphasizes the fluidity of national narrative, and therefore highlights the effects of colonialism and other forms of intervention. As a result, the paper suggests the nation as an entity bound together through shared time and space of those within the fixed boundaries, a notion proposed by Anderson (1991) that sees the nation as an “imagined community” (Anderson, 1991). The implication of this is that although national sentiment may hold its roots in shared values such as language, religion and ethnicity, this is not enough to ensure unity of the nation. Indeed, the creation of the state and the monopoly of the institutions within the borders evoked national consciousness in the industrial eras (Hobsbawn, 1992). Thus, it can be understood that the nation is not fixed, and is vulnerable to change in narrative, especially within interventions, as the case of Japan and the effects of the US Occupation demonstrates. The change in the socio-political and legal sphere in particular arguably contributed to the disconnect it experiences at current with the domestic failures to fully protect refugees, despite its foreign efforts of aid.\n    Thus, through the postcolonial approach, the paper attempts to deconstruct the assumption that both human rights and human security as political concepts are universal and critiques the western hegemony that presume such notions are translatable across all vernaculars. The secularized nature of human rights, shifting its roots from the private to the public resulted in the politicization of the body, as natural law was superseded by civic law (Arendt, 1951).  Additionally, as rights focused predominantly on the rights of citizens, security, despite the shift of focus on the individual, still securitizes social issues, both therefore creating an “other”. Consequently, it is argued that both rights and security reflect a double exclusion whereby although it claims for the emancipation of individuals, nationality is also a prerequisite, without which, rights cannot be ensured. Hence, the notion of “bare life” where the very nature of being human, leaves the individual insecure (Agamben, 1998). The international thought is that is based on this Eurocentric notion of rights, therefore cannot be said to be translatable across all cultures and language as not all states are liberal democracies. The postcolonial approach is therefore the most relevant in terms of questioning the universality of rights because in the context of nation formation, the constant need for the west to turn to liberal projects are rooted in the ever-present hierarchical system that consistently engrains western thought into non-western states.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.34577/00004643","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国際基督教大学","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"04542134","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"HARU, Satoko","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"7255","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2020-04-23"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"The Impact of Nation Formation on Human Rights and Human Security：A Case Study of Japan.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.2 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"The Impact of Nation Formation on Human Rights and Human Security：A Case Study of Japan","url":"https://icu.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/4820/files/The Impact of Nation Formation on Human Rights and Human Security：A Case Study of Japan.pdf"},"version_id":"93c1749f-0aca-45f2-baf4-f631cedeb9fb"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"The Impact of Nation Formation on Human Rights and Human Security: A Case Study of Japan","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"The Impact of Nation Formation on Human Rights and Human Security: A Case Study of Japan","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"The Impact of Nation Formation on Human Rights and Human Security: A Case Study of Japan","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"14","path":["504"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2020-04-23"},"publish_date":"2020-04-23","publish_status":"0","recid":"4820","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["The Impact of Nation Formation on Human Rights and Human Security: A Case Study of Japan"],"weko_creator_id":"14","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-10-02T02:00:21.969130+00:00"}