<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd">
  <responseDate>2026-03-07T12:33:45Z</responseDate>
  <request identifier="oai:icu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002631" verb="GetRecord" metadataPrefix="jpcoar_2.0">https://icu.repo.nii.ac.jp/oai</request>
  <GetRecord>
    <record>
      <header>
        <identifier>oai:icu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002631</identifier>
        <datestamp>2023-05-15T09:51:58Z</datestamp>
        <setSpec>12:317:318</setSpec>
      </header>
      <metadata>
        <jpcoar:jpcoar xmlns:datacite="https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcndl="http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:jpcoar="https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/" xmlns:oaire="http://namespace.openaire.eu/schema/oaire/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rioxxterms="http://www.rioxx.net/schema/v2.0/rioxxterms/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/" xsi:schemaLocation="https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/jpcoar_scm.xsd">
          <dc:title>Teacher Development or Training?: Recent Developments in Second / Foreign Language Teacher Education</dc:title>
          <jpcoar:creator>
            <jpcoar:creatorName>Ohata, Kota</jpcoar:creatorName>
          </jpcoar:creator>
          <datacite:description descriptionType="Abstract">The research focus in second language teacher education for the last
decade has undergone a shift from searching for better ways to train
teachers to trying to describe and understand the process of how
teachers learn to teach through their self-awareness or reflection. In
line with this recent shift of emphasis from the notion of training to
that of development, the idea of teacher exploration or an exploratory
approach has often been discussed as a sort of “liberating tool” for
teachers from the pressure of identifying a best or better way of
teaching (Gebhard &amp; Oprandy, 1999). This paper, thus, outlines and
discusses recent developments in the field by addressing a) how is
teacher development different from teacher training? b) what is teacher
exploration in relation to teacher development? and c) what are
activities that teachers can use to work on their development and to
explore their teaching? While illustrating some of the key assumptions
that underlie the idea of teacher development/exploration in contrast to
traditional views of teacher training, this paper also emphasizes the
potential benefits of an exploratory approach as part of our own
learning processes as language teachers and educators.</datacite:description>
          <dc:publisher>International Christian University the Division of Languages</dc:publisher>
          <datacite:date dateType="Issued">2008-02-01</datacite:date>
          <dc:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501">departmental bulletin paper</dc:type>
          <jpcoar:identifier identifierType="DOI">https://doi.org/10.34577/00002584</jpcoar:identifier>
          <jpcoar:identifier identifierType="URI">https://icu.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2631</jpcoar:identifier>
          <jpcoar:identifierRegistration identifierType="JaLC">10.34577/00002584</jpcoar:identifierRegistration>
          <jpcoar:sourceIdentifier identifierType="NCID">AA11036468</jpcoar:sourceIdentifier>
          <jpcoar:sourceIdentifier identifierType="ISSN">0913-3615</jpcoar:sourceIdentifier>
          <jpcoar:sourceTitle>語学研究</jpcoar:sourceTitle>
          <jpcoar:sourceTitle xml:lang="en">ICU Language Research Bulletin</jpcoar:sourceTitle>
          <jpcoar:volume>22</jpcoar:volume>
          <jpcoar:pageStart>1</jpcoar:pageStart>
          <jpcoar:pageEnd>16</jpcoar:pageEnd>
          <jpcoar:file>
            <jpcoar:URI label="Teacher Development or Training?: Recent Developments in Second / Foreign Language Teacher Education">https://icu.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2631/files/7.Ohata LRB V22.pdf</jpcoar:URI>
            <jpcoar:mimeType>application/pdf</jpcoar:mimeType>
            <jpcoar:extent>134.7 kB</jpcoar:extent>
            <datacite:date dateType="Available">2014-10-31</datacite:date>
          </jpcoar:file>
        </jpcoar:jpcoar>
      </metadata>
    </record>
  </GetRecord>
</OAI-PMH>
